This is a clev­er­ly titled col­lec­tion of nine arti­cles, sev­er­al of which were orig­i­nal­ly pub­lished in aca­d­e­m­ic jour­nals. Using the Kish­niev pogrom of 1903 as a start­ing and turn­ing point, since it con­tributed to huge migra­tion, the arti­cles focus on points of ten­sion and dif­fer­ence with­in the Jew­ish com­mu­ni­ties in the U.S. and Israel. The arti­cles on the U.S. dis­cuss the iden­ti­ties and expe­ri­ences of such nota­bles as the high­ly assim­i­lat­ed Felix Frank­furter and Arthur Hays Sulzberg­er, and less known fig­ures like Rab­bi Abra­ham Isaac Sel­manovitz, who main­tained a bal­ance between tra­di­tion and a mod­icum of assim­i­la­tion at a time when this was enor­mous­ly chal­leng­ing. Most of the arti­cles deal­ing with Israel have not been pre­vi­ous­ly pub­lished; they focus on cul­tur­al and polit­i­cal con­flicts and ten­sions between tra­di­tion, moder­ni­ty, and Zion­ism in an evolv­ing society.